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How to Use a Vernier Caliper to Measure Different Objects

A vernier caliper is a device that can measure the dimensions of different objects with high precision. It can measure the length, width, thickness, diameter, and depth of objects such as rectangular blocks, rods, holes, and calorimeters. In this article, we will explain how to use a vernier caliper to perform these measurements and calculate the volume of some objects.

Parts of a Vernier Caliper

A vernier caliper consists of two scales: a fixed scale and a sliding scale. The fixed scale is marked in increments of 0.1 cm, while the sliding scale has numbers marking 0.01 cm increments and small lines marking 0.002 cm increments. The sliding scale can move along the fixed scale to adjust to the size of the object being measured. The vernier caliper also has different parts for measuring different dimensions:

The larger jaws (A) are used to measure outer dimensions, such as the width of a block or circular rod.

The smaller jaws (B) are used to measure inner dimensions, such as the diameter of a hole.

The depth probe (C) is used to measure the depth of a hole.

The thumb screw clamp (F) is used to lock the sliding scale in place after taking a measurement.

How to Read a Vernier Caliper

To read a vernier caliper, follow these steps:

Loosen the thumb screw clamp and adjust the sliding scale so that it fits snugly on the object to be measured. Make sure you use the correct part of the caliper for the dimension you want to measure.

Tighten the thumb screw clamp and remove the caliper from the object. You can make a rough estimate of the measurement by laying the caliper on top of a ruler or meterstick and measuring the distance between the jaws or the depth probe.

Look at the scale on the sliding jaw and find the line below the first zero that appears on the sliding scale (E). This line indicates the main scale reading (MSR) in centimeters. For example, if this line falls between 5.6 and 5.7 cm on the fixed scale (D), then MSR = 5.6 cm.

Look at the line on the sliding scale that aligns with any line on the fixed scale. This line indicates the vernier scale reading (VSR) in divisions. For example, if this line is number 12 on the sliding scale, then VSR = 12 div.

Multiply VSR by the least count (LC) of the vernier caliper to get the fractional part of the measurement in centimeters. The least count is equal to one division on the main scale divided by the total number of divisions on the vernier scale. For example, if one division on the main scale is 0.1 cm and there are 50 divisions on the vernier scale, then LC = 0.1/50 = 0.002 cm. If VSR = 12 div, then VSR x LC = 12 x 0.002 = 0.024 cm.

Add MSR and VSR x LC to get the final measurement in centimeters. For example, if MSR = 5.6 cm and VSR x LC = 0.024 cm, then final measurement = MSR + VSR x LC = 5.6 + 0.024 = 5.624 cm.

How to Use a Vernier Caliper to Measure Different Objects

To use a vernier caliper to measure different objects, follow these steps:

Rectangular Block

To measure the volume of a rectangular block, you need to measure its length, width, and thickness using

the larger jaws of

the caliper.

Measure

the length

of

the block

by placing it between

the flat sections

of

the jaws

and reading

the caliper

as explained above.

Repeat this measurement three times

and take

the average

as your final value

for

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